Arizono lab
Explore beyond
beyond the diffraction limit and beyond the neuron
NEWS
2023
December Arizono presented at a Molecular Biology Society of Japan meeting.
October Arizono's co-author paper "Shadow imaging for panoptical visualization of brain tissue in vivo" was published in Nature Communications.
September Arizono's corresponding author paper "The Impact of Chemical Fixation on the Microanatomy of Mouse Organotypic Hippocampal Slices" was published in eNeuro.
April Arizonon was appointed as Hakubi Associate Professor. Arizono lab begins!!
February Arizono's first author review paper "Getting sharper: the brain under the spotlight of super-resolution microscopy" was published in Trends in Cellular Biology.
ReseaRch scope
We explore the microcosmos of the brain beyond the diffraction limit using various super-resolution techniques.
The fact that the brain, this soft, unremarkable-looking tissue, is responsible for everything that makes us who we are, from our thinking to our behavior, seems mystical. However, just like the rest of our universe, the brain is also made of molecules subject to the laws of physics and physical chemistry, and it can be studied as such. This is the essential thinking behind 'biophysics'. Every physical aspect of the brain, from its wiring to molecule diffusion, has the potential to impact its function. Brain function is enabled by the culmination of intricate machinery that takes advantage of these biophysical properties. For instance, synaptic transmission, which lies at the core of brain function, is governed by the nano-metric synapse shape and the distribution of key molecules (i.e., synaptic architecture). During synaptic plasticity, which underlies learning and memory, the synaptic architecture is dynamically re-configured to enhance synaptic transmission. However, synaptic shape and molecular distribution are so small and elaborate that its study requires resolution beyond the diffraction limit. We use super-resolution microscopy techniques to overcome this barrier and explore the brain's microcosm.
< Diffraction limit
our target
ReseaRch INTEREST
We explore the neural circuit beyond the neuron by including glia and extracellular space.
Neurons do not exist on their own; a myriad of regulatory factors surround them. The 'extracellular space' and 'astrocytes, a type of non-neuronal cell (glia)' are prime examples. They are essential for the survival and activity of neurons and are also involved in higher functions such as sleep, memory, and learning. Astrocytes have 'numerous synapse-contacting processes' and 'multiple dials to regulate synaptic activity'. By changing the arrangements of these structures or relevant molecules, astrocytes have the potential to control neural circuits with extremely high flexibility. Moreover, because astrocytes and neurons mainly communicate by exchanging transmitters diffusing through 'the extracellular space', its viscosity and morphology also inevitably affect the neural circuits. Thus, neuronal mechanisms are only half the story when it comes to understanding the nature of neural circuits. Our research focuses on these non-neuronal mechanisms, which remain mostly unexplored.
ReseaRch STRATEGY
We are using three powerful approaches to address the biophysics of neuron-glia computation. 1. See By combining functional imaging (e.g. Ca2+ imaging, voltage imaging) and super-resolution microscopy, we are investigating the direct relationship between the physiology and the nano-anatomy of the structure. 2. Manipulate We are manipulating the physiology of the neuron or astrocyte by gene knock-down, pharmacology, chemogenetics, electrophysiology and optical stimulation. 3. Recreate Based on the data acquired with 1 and 2, we are validating the link between the the nano-anatomy and the physiology, by changing the nano-anatomy of the cell and simulating the physiology. Such approach will also give us prediction about the conditions which is impossible to recreate in experimental conditions.
ReseaRch TECHNIQUES
STORM
AMPAR/NMDAR
Single Particle
Tracking
mGluR5
Superresolution
Shadow Imaging
The tripartite synapse
Live STED imaging
+ Ca2+imaging
Dendrite/
Astrocytic Ca2+ signals
Lattice Light Sheet
3D Ca2+ signals
Live STED imaging
+ Ca2+ imaging
Dendrite/
Astrocytic Ca2+ signals
Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology
GET IN TOUCH!
The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research/
Yasunori Hayashi lab
Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
Room 401, Building A
Kyoto 606-8501 Japan